MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA: AMERICA’S CIVIL RIGHTS CROSSROADS

A PLACE OF THE PAST TO BE REMEMBERED

By Renée Gordon | July 23, 2020 | 5 min read

Alabama State Capital Building. At the conclusion of the spring 1965 Selma to Montgomery March for voting rights, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous “How Long, Not Long” speech from the state capitol steps. Photo by Bryan Carter

Dexter Avenue King Memorial Baptist Church. Martin Luther King Jr. served as pastor at this church from 1954 to 1960. It was here that meetings were held to organize the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Photo courtesy of Montgomery Area Chamber of Commerce.

Dexter Parsonage Museum. MLK Jr. lived in this parsonage when he was pastor at the nearby church. It has been restored to its appearance during King’s tenure. The church, parsonage, interpretive center and the King-Johns Garden for Reflection are usually open to tourists. Photo courtesy of Montgomery Area Chamber of Commerce.

Holt_Street_Baptist_Church,_Montgomery,_Alabama

Holt Street Baptist Church. At this church, MLK Jr. gave his speech calling for nonviolent protest, which led to the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Photo courtesy of Montgomery Area Chamber of Commerce.

Rosa Parks Museum and Library. The museum at Troy University is located at the site where Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat in the front of the bus. Photo courtesy of Montgomery Area Chamber of Commerce.

Bus exhibited at Rosa Parks Museum. This 1950s-era Montgomery bus is among the museum’s artifacts related to Rosa Parks, the bus boycott and the fight for civil rights. Photo courtesy of Montgomery Area Chamber of Commerce.

Rosa Parks Statue. In late 2019, Montgomery unveiled this statue in the likeness of Rosa Parks at Montgomery Plaza, near the spot where Parks was believed to have boarded the bus for her famous journey. Photo courtesy of Montgomery Area Chamber of Commerce.

The Legacy Museum. The museum, founded by the Equal Justice Initiative, is located near the site of one of the most prominent slave auctions in the U.S. The Legacy Museum: From Enslavement to Mass Incarceration details the link from past enslavement to the Jim Crow era and civil rights violations to social problems that continue today. Photo courtesy of Montgomery Area Chamber of Commerce.

The Legacy Museum. Exhibits in the museum include haunting remembrances of the not-too-distant past, when segregation was still legal. Photo courtesy of Equal Justice Initiative/Human Pictures

National Memorial for Peace and Justice. Hanging from the roof are 800 weathered-steel columns, each with the name of a U.S. county and a listing of all those known to have been lynched there. Photo courtesy of Montgomery Area Chamber of Commerce.

Raise Up. This sculpture by artist Hank Willis Thomas is on the six-acre grounds of the National Memorial for Peace and Justice, a memorial to victims of white supremacy. Photo courtesy of Montgomery Area Chamber of Commerce.

Civil Rights Memorial. The black granite memorial designed by artist Maya Lin features a circle inscribed with the names of martyrs to the civil rights effort. Engraved in the wall behind are the words “until justice rolls down like water and righteousness like a mighty stream” from MLK Jr.’s famous paraphrase of Amos 5:24. Photo courtesy of Montgomery Area Chamber of Commerce.

My repeated visits to Alabama’s capital remind me what we can accomplish when we fight for justice.

I first visited Montgomery, Alabama, more than 30 years ago, long before there was a designated Civil Rights Trail. As an African American who has lived my entire life in the North, I felt compelled to walk the city’s streets and trace the epic journey organized and carried out by Alabama’s black population, through a series of America’s most iconic historic events. I admit to being hesitant about that first trip because of tales I had heard of both the Old South and the new Southern dynamic. I had been warned by legendary singer and Civil Rights activist, Nina Simone, when she meaningfully wailed, “Alabama has me so upset.”

The significance of Montgomery cannot be overstated; it has always been a microcosm of American history. Europeans and their slaves began to settle in the area in the 1720s, and by the 1800s, Montgomery was an important slave port.

Throughout my many visits, one of my favorite sites on the now-documented Civil Rights Trail has always been the State Capitol steps. They offer a sweeping view down Dexter Avenue that includes Dexter Avenue King Memorial Baptist Church, where Martin Luther King Jr. was pastor and where the 1955 bus boycott was organized. Ten years after that boycott, on the State Capitol steps, M.L.K. delivered his, “How Long, Not Long” speech at the conclusion of the Voting Rights March.

I return to Montgomery often, not only because it’s where Rosa Parks sat and Martin Luther King Jr. stood, but because it is widely regarded as the Cradle of the Confederacy and the Birthplace of Civil Rights.

Here I can visually follow a timeline from the 19th-century slave trade to the 1965 Selma March and gain a holistic view of the struggle for equal rights.The city has maintained many structures linked to the stories of power, conflict, and tenacity. This place calls out to be remembered and the sacrifices honored.

I am often asked why I return to Montgomery so often. The short answer is that there are always additions to the state’s Civil Rights Trail, inaugurated in 2017. Last year, a life-size statue of Rosa Parks was unveiled near her usual bus stop. In 2018, the spectacular Legacy Museum: From Enslavement to Mass Incarceration and The National Memorial for Peace and Justice opened—sites that are committed to documenting, teaching, and highlighting ongoing issues of race and equality. The Memorial, a hillside complex, is dedicated to bringing attention to African American victims of racial violence. A winding path takes you to a pavilion with steles inscribed with more than 4,000 names of victims of lynching and a sculptural diorama depicting the horrors experienced by African slaves.

The more relevant answer to that question, I feel deeply that every step I take on Montgomery’s Civil Rights Trail is taken on sacred ground. It reminds me that the price of freedom is vigilance and that ordinary people can accomplish extraordinary deeds and change the world. That message is as relevant today as it was more than 50 years ago.